ABSTRACT
Objective:To obtain ancient traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）literatures relating to tumor and visual analysis by an automatic framework tool， in order to systematically sort out the development of ancient Chinese medicine oncology. Method:Based on the database platform of ancient TCM books，names of tumor-related diseases in ancient TCM books were retrieved by Selenium WebDriver， an automation framework tool under Python 3.8. Lxml's etree library was used to parse the data. Statistics was made for "classification"， "authors"， "completion time" and "summary" of relevant ancient books automatically. After the data was checked and processed， Tableau 2019.2 software was used for data visualization analysis. And ancient Chinese medicine literatures relating to tumor were consulted at the database manually，with the dynasties as the clue，and the symptoms，etiology，pathogenesis and prognosis as the emphasis，this paper explores the development process of TCM oncology. Result:A total of 774 349 bytes of text data of 1 128 entries in 242 ancient books were included automatically. According to the findings， there were simple classification and time distribution of tumor diseases in ancient TCM books in the pre-Qin period， with a simple view on the pathogenesis of tumor diseases. From the Han dynasty to the Tang dynasty， the number of relevant literature records and the types and disease names had gradually increased，which further enriched the cognition of tumor nature，signs，classification methods，differential diagnosis；in Song and Ming dynasties，the proportion of Chinese prescription books and surgery books had increased gradually，with the largest number of abdominal organ tumor names among all dynasties；from Qing dynasty to the Republic of China，literatures relating to tumor name and classification were the most improved，and then the TCM tumor syndrome differentiation and treatment system had been formed. Conclusion:It was found that TCM oncology originated in the pre-Qin dynasty，and was improved in the Han and Tang dynasties， mature in the Song and Ming dynasties and completed in the Qing dynasty and the Republic of China. The data visualization method with integrated automation framework and parsing tools is helpful to analyze the subdivision characteristics of ancient TCM literatures，which is convenient，efficient and innovative，in the expectation to provide a classic reference for contemporary TCM studies.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>This study was aimed to explore the effect of a novel histone deacetylase inhibitor Chidamide on apoptosis of human multiple myeloma(MM) cells and its relevance to DNA damage response(DDR).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The cell proliferation was detected by MTT method, apoptosis and cell cycle distribution were analyzed by flow cytometry, the expression levels of targeted proteins were detected by Western blot, the DNA damage response was blocked by ATM kinase inhibitor KU-55933.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Chidamide inhibited RPMI 8226 cell proliferation in dose- and time-dependent manner and its IC50 values of 24,48,72 h were 9.6, 6 and 2.8 µmol/L respectively. Chidamide induced cell cycle arrest of RPMI 8226 cells in G0/G1 phase by upregulating the expression of P21. Chidamide triggered caspase-3 dependent apoptosis and upregulated expression of DDR-related proteins including γH2AX, pATM in RPMI 8226 cells. Pretreatment with ATM kinase inhibitor KU-55933 down-regulated expression of DDR related proteins induced by chidamide, thereby inhibiting DNA damage response and finally resulting in suppression of apoptotic cell death.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Proliferative inhibtion, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of multiple myeloma cells induced by chidamide involve DDR.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Aminopyridines , Apoptosis , Benzamides , Caspase 3 , Cell Cycle , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Proliferation , DNA Damage , Down-Regulation , Flow Cytometry , Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors , Morpholines , Multiple Myeloma , PyronesABSTRACT
TcpC is a homolog of the Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domain and is secreted by uropathogenic E. coli strain CFT073. TcpC can bind to MyD88, hereby exerting inhibitory effects on macrophages. TcpC represents an important virulence factor that promotes bacterial survival and pathogenicity. TcpC plays a critical role in urinary tract infection, particularly in the pathogenesis of pyelonephritis. In this review,the progress and prospects in TcpC research are discussed.